While they may be small when compared to other sectors of the agriculture industry, Canada’s greenhouse vegetable and mushroom industries are becoming increasingly important to the country’s agriculture sector.
In 2023, these industries together contributed over $3.2 billion in farm gate sales and supported more than $2.1 billion in exports. Their steady growth is powered by significant investment in automation and advanced greenhouse technology, enabling year-round fresh vegetable production.
With the current “Buy Canadian” sentiment, the greenhouse industry in Canada may be poised for growth.
The vegetable greenhouse sector is mainly located near the U.S. border, with Ontario leading the way. In 2023, Ontario accounted for 72% of Canada’s total greenhouse vegetable production, followed by British Columbia and Quebec. Key greenhouse crops include tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers, which together made up over 90% of production. Tomatoes held the largest share, followed closely by cucumbers and peppers.
In terms of volume, Canada produced over 802,000 metric tons of greenhouse vegetables in 2023—a 7% increase from 2022. Sales also rose 9% to reach $2.5 billion.
Exports followed the trend, jumping 19% to $1.7 billion, with the United States being the top destination, receiving more than 99% of these exports.
Canada's mushroom sector also showed consistent growth. In 2023, mushroom production reached over 140,000 metric tons, marking the eighth straight year of increase. Ontario produced more than half of Canada’s mushrooms, while British Columbia contributed nearly a third.
The total value of mushroom sales rose to $710 million, with exports increasing to $453 million, although export volumes dropped slightly.
In 2023, greenhouse vegetable farms employed over 15,000 workers, while mushroom operations employed nearly 6,000. Investments in land, buildings, and technology continue to support long-term growth.
Canada’s indoor agriculture remains competitive globally, thanks to innovation, favorable locations, and strong market demand.