Ducks are hardy, entertaining, and efficient egg layers, making them a great fit for small farms. They require some specific care, but they’re generally low-maintenance and can thrive in a variety of climates.
Ducks need shelter from predators and harsh weather—an insulated, well-ventilated coop with straw or wood shavings works well. While they don’t roost like chickens, they appreciate dry, draft-free housing and a secure place to nest. They also need a fenced outdoor area for foraging and exercise. Fencing should be tall enough to deter predators but doesn’t need to be covered, as most domestic duck breeds can’t fly well.
Access to water is essential—not just for drinking but for cleaning. Ducks use water to wash their eyes, nares, and food, so a tub, kiddie pool, or small pond that is refreshed regularly is key to their health. However, constant access to deep water isn’t necessary, and their coop should remain dry to prevent illness.
Ducks thrive on a balanced poultry feed formulated for waterfowl or supplemented with niacin if using standard chicken feed. They also enjoy kitchen scraps and foraged treats like insects, weeds, and slugs, but moderation and safety are important—avoid salty or moldy foods.
Most ducks prefer the company of their own kind, so keeping at least two or three together helps reduce stress. Egg-laying breeds like Khaki Campbells or Welsh Harlequins are excellent for steady production, while dual-purpose breeds like Pekins offer both eggs and meat.
Basic care includes regular cleaning of their coop and water sources, checking for signs of bumblefoot, parasites, or respiratory issues, and providing grit or access to forage to support digestion. Ducks are generally healthy, but having a relationship with a poultry-savvy vet is a wise move.
When sourcing ducks, choose reputable hatcheries or breeders, and make sure to brood ducklings with proper heat, non-slip flooring, and access to shallow water. You can refer to the Small Farm Canada Hatchery Guide.
Ducklings grow quickly and are often ready for outdoor living by 6–8 weeks of age.
With their charming personalities, egg-laying abilities, and pest control talents, ducks are a productive and rewarding addition to any small farm.